Bael - aegle marmelos, aegle marmelos, commonly known as bael, bengal quince, golden apple, stone apple, wood apple, bili, is a species of tree native to india. It is present throughout southeast asia as a naturalized species. The tree is considered to be sacred by hindus. Its fruits are used in traditional medicine and as a food throughout its range. Vernacular names, the edible fruit tree is called "belada mara" and the religious tree "bilva" or "bilpathre" in kannada. The fruits are known as belada hannu (edible variety), bilva (sacred variety) in kannada, "bela" in oriya and maredu (in telugu), botanical information, bael is the only member of the monotypic genus aegle. It is a mid-sized, slender, aromatic, armed, gum-bearing tree growing up to 18 meters tall. It has a leaf with three leaflets. Ecology, bael occurs in dry forests on hills and plains of northern, central and southern india, pakistan, southern nepal, sri lanka, myanmar, bangladesh, vietnam, laos, cambodia and thailand. It is cultivated throughout india, as well as in sri lanka, the northern malay peninsula, java, the philippines, and fiji. It has a reputation in india for being able to grow in places that other trees cannot. It copes with a wide range of soil conditions (ph range 5-10), is tolerant of waterlogging and has an unusually wide temperature tolerance (from -7c to 48c). It requires a pronounced dry season to give fruit, a ripe bael fruit in india, fruit, the bael fruit has a smooth, woody shell with a green, gray, or yellow peel. It takes about 11 months to ripen on the tree and can reach the size of a large grapefruit or pomelo, and some are even larger. The shell is so hard it must be cracked with a hammer or machete. The fibrous yellow pulp is very aromatic. It has been described as tasting of marmalade and smelling of roses. Boning (2006) indicates that the flavor is "sweet, aromatic and pleasant, although tangy and slightly astringent in some varieties.
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